Stabilizing the Unstable Patella

Surgical correction to support healthy movement and long-term joint health.

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What is Patellar Luxation?

Patellar luxation—often called a “luxating patella”—is a condition where the kneecap (patella) slips out of its normal position in the groove of the femur. It’s most common in small-breed dogs, though it can affect larger dogs and even cats.

What Causes It?

The condition is usually congenital, meaning pets are born with anatomical abnormalities that predispose them to it. In some cases, trauma or injury can also cause the kneecap to dislocate

Treatment for Patellar Luxation

Medial Patellar Luxation (MPL) surgery is a corrective procedure performed to realign the kneecap (patella) in pets—most commonly small-breed dogs—when it chronically slips out of place. The goal is to restore normal joint function, reduce pain, and prevent long-term arthritis.

Most MPL surgeries involve a combination of the following procedures, tailored to the severity (Grade I–IV) and the pet’s anatomy:

Deepening the femoral groove so the patella stays in place during movement.

Repositioning the bony attachment of the patellar tendon to improve alignment.

Loosening tight tissues on the inside of the knee and tightening those on the outside to balance forces.

In severe cases, cutting and realigning the bones to correct angular deformities.

Most MPL surgeries involve a combination of the following procedures, tailored to the severity (Grade I–IV) and the pet’s anatomy:

Deepening the femoral groove so the patella stays in place during movement.

Repositioning the bony attachment of the patellar tendon to improve alignment.

Loosening tight tissues on the inside of the knee and tightening those on the outside to balance forces.

In severe cases, cutting and realigning the bones to correct angular deformities.